A clinical evaluation is a methodical, continuous process aimed at demonstrating, on the basis of clinical data, that the medical device meets the MDR's general safety and performance requirements. Governed by Article 61 and Annex XIV of Regulation (EU) 2017/745, supplemented by the MDCG guidance documents (2020-5, 2020-6, 2020-13) and, for methodology, by the
MEDDEV 2.7/1 Rev. 4 guidance insofar as it remains compatible with the MDR, it is based on the identification, appraisal and critical evaluation of available clinical data, including scientific literature, data on equivalent devices, post-market data and clinical experience gained after commercialisation.
A clinical investigation, by contrast, is a study conducted on human subjects to generate new clinical data specific to the device. It is required when existing data are insufficient to demonstrate the device's safety, performance or clinical benefit, particularly for certain innovative, implantable or Class III devices.
A clinical investigation may thus constitute a data source within a clinical evaluation, but it does not replace the clinical evaluation itself, which remains mandatory for all medical devices.
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